National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) Practice Exam

Which characteristic is associated with congestive heart failure (CHF)?

1. Increased alertness

2. Markedly decreased exercise tolerance

3. Decreased diastolic blood pressure during exercise

4. Increased oxygen saturation

The correct answer is: Markedly decreased exercise tolerance

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to various clinical manifestations that significantly impact a patient's ability to engage in physical activity. One of the hallmark characteristics associated with CHF is markedly decreased exercise tolerance. Patients with CHF often experience fatigue, shortness of breath, and difficulty in maintaining physical activity. This is primarily due to the heart's inability to meet the body's increased demand for oxygen-rich blood during exertion. As a result, even minimal activity can lead to significant discomfort and exhaustion. Consequently, individuals with CHF may limit their activity levels, further contributing to a decline in overall fitness and quality of life. The other options do not accurately represent typical manifestations associated with CHF. For instance, increased alertness is not a characteristic of CHF; instead, individuals may experience fatigue, confusion, or decreased alertness due to insufficient oxygenation. Decreased diastolic blood pressure during exercise is not common in CHF, as these patients often have elevated or variable blood pressure responses. Additionally, increased oxygen saturation is contrary to what is typically seen; patients with CHF may experience decreased oxygen saturation due to pulmonary congestion and inadequate gas exchange.